Compendiums of Poetry

Couplet

It is a literary device that can be defined as having two successive rhyming lines in a verse, and has the same meter to form a complete thought. It is marked by a usual rhythm, rhyme scheme, and incorporation of specific utterances.

Example:

  "I always wanted to reach the sky,

So I am dreaming up so high”.

Tercet

It is a three-lined verse, or a group, or unit of three lines. These three lines are often rhymed together, or they rhyme with another triplet. It has a flow of words as rolling waves. Creating rhythmic flow in in just three lines, however, is quite a challenging job.

Example:

"And I'm never a fool,

Because I go to school,

And that, no doubt, is cool".

Quatrain

A stanza in a poem that has exactly four lines. Some quatrains comprise entire poems, while others are part of a larger structure. Quatrains usually use some form of rhyme scheme, especially the following forms: AAAA, AABB, ABAB, and ABBA. Lines in quatrain can be any length and with any meter, but there is usually a regular rhythm to the lines as well. There are examples of quatrains in many eras and cultures, from Ancient Greece and China to Renaissance England and Iran to contemporary literature.

Example:

 

"Once in my life, I'd have fell in love,

To a lady sent by God above.

She can sing like a lovely Dove,

One reason to give her endless love."

Cinquaine

A cinquain poem is a verse of five lines that do not rhyme. A cinquain consists of five unrhymed lines.

Each line has a set number of syllables see below:

Line 1: 2 syllables

Line 2: 4 syllables

Line 3: 6 syllables

Line 4: 8 syllables

Line 5: 2 syllables

Example: 

"Hero

So strong, so brave.

Flying, running, climbing.

Good hearted on rescuing man.

Fiction"

Acrostic

An acrostic poem is a type of poetry where the first, last or other letters in a line spell out a particular word or phrase. The most common and simple form of an acrostic poem is where the first letters of each line spell out the word or phrase.

Example:

S- Somebody who has a dream.

E- Eagerness to him can be seen.

A- A man who wants to a sailor.

M- Manage a ship to different directions.

A- Anchor is one of his thing.

N- No one ca stop him dreaming.

Free Verse

A literary device that can be defined as poetry that is free from limitations of regular meter or rhythm, and does not rhyme with fixed forms. Such poems are without rhythm and rhyme schemes, do not follow regular rhyme scheme rules, yet still provide artistic expression. In this way, the poet can give his own shape to a poem however he or she desires. However, it still allows poets to use alliteration, rhyme, cadences, and rhythms to get the effects that they consider are suitable for the piece.

Example:

“I didn’t stop dreaming

I go for it silently and calm

No one can hinder me.

I am a good a fighter”.

Tanaga

Ang tanaga ay isang maikling katutubong Pilipinong tula na naglalaman ng pang-aral agimas at payak na pilosopiyang ginagamit ng matatanda sa pagpapagunita sa mga kabataan. May estruktura itong apat (4) na taludtod at pitong (7) pantig kada taludtod. Katumbas nito ang haiku ng mga Hapones.

Example:

“Wag kang madamot

Di ito gamut

Sa ibat-ibang poot”.

Senryu

 A 3-line unrhymed Japanese poem structurally similar to haiku but treating human nature usually in an ironic or satiric vein.

Example:

“Oxygen”

It needs to be pure

Run out of it; you are dead

Best when inhaled fresh.

Diamante

Diamante poem is written it takes on the shape of a diamond.

The Structure of a Diamante Poem

A diamante poem is made up of 7 lines using a set structure:

Line 1: Beginning subject
Line 2: Two describing words about line 1
Line 3: Three doing words about line 1
Line 4: A short phrase about line 1, a short phrase about line 7
Line 5: Three doing words about line 7
Line 6: Two describing words about line 7
Line 7: End subject

Example:

“Love

Romantic, Happy

Loving, Entrusting, Dreaming

Couple, Married, Family, Forever

Crying, Hating, misunderstanding

Mad, Rage

Hate”.

Diona

Is a pre-Hispanic rhyming poem of three lines with seven syllables in each line expressing a complete thought.

Example:

“My Dream”

Just continue believing

To achieve happy ending

And luxurious living.

Haiku

A Japanese poem of seventeen syllables, in three lines of five, seven, and five, traditionally evoking images of the natural world.

Example:

“Tea”

Drinking my tea

Without sugar

No difference.

Enjambment

The continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a line, couplet, or stanza.

Example:

I’m feeling nervous.

I really don’t know why. All I know

Is there is something wrong happened and

Something is out of control.

Limerick

A humorous, frequently bawdy, verse of three long and two short lines rhyming AABBA, popularized by Edward Lear.

Example:

“The Painter”

There’s a doll painter named Wells,

Who is duller than anyone else:

With the face of a horse

He hits by you and snorts-

Which is very offensive in Wells.

Definition of Drama and its Sample

Drama

          Drama is a mode of fictional representation through dialogue and performance. It is one of the literary genres, which is an imitation of some action. Drama is also a type of a play written for theater, television, radio, and film.

          In simple words, a drama is a composition in verse or prose presenting a story in pantomime or dialogue. It contains conflict of characters, particularly the ones who perform in front of audience on the stage. The person who writes drama for stage directions is known as a “dramatist” or “playwright.”

Types of Drama

Let us consider a few popular types of drama:

·     Tragedy – Tragic dramas use darker themes, such as disaster, pain, and death. Protagonists often have a tragic flaw — a characteristic that leads them to their downfall.

·  Comedy – Comedies are lighter in tone than ordinary works, and provide a happy conclusion. The intention of dramatists in comedies is to make their audience laugh. Hence, they use quaint circumstances, unusual characters, and witty remarks.

·         Tragicomedy - a play or novel containing elements of both comedy and tragedy.

·         Farce – Generally, a farce is a nonsensical genre of drama, which often overacts or engages slapstick humor.

·   Miracle Play - also called Saint’s Play, one of three principal kinds of vernacular drama of the European Middle Ages (along with the mystery play and the morality play). A miracle play presents a real or fictitious account of the life, miracles, or martyrdom of a saint. 

·   Melodrama – Melodrama is an exaggerated drama, which is sensational and appeals directly to the senses of the audience. Just like the farce, the characters are of a single dimension and simple, or may be stereotyped.

·     Musical Drama – In musical dramas, dramatists not only tell their stories through acting and dialogue, but through dance as well as music. Often the story may be comedic, though it may also involve serious subjects.

·    Fantacy - It is a form of literary genre in which a plot cannot occur in the real world. Its plot usually involves witchcraft or magic, taking place on an undiscovered planet of an unknown world. Its overall theme and setting involve a combination of technology, architecture, and language, which sometimes resemble European medieval ages. The most interesting thing about fantasies is that their plot involves witches, sorcerers, mythical and animal creatures talking like humans, and other things that never happen in real life.

·     Historical Drama - Plays with some connection to historic narratives date to the beginnings of Athenian theatre.

Example:

“Miraculous Baby”

(One-Act Play)

(Inside the plane) Kaycee travelled abroad with her three gay friends Kim, Jeff, and Michael. They are so noisy inside and laughing very loud. There is a pregnant women without a husband in that plane.

Jeff

Hey friends, look at the man in the corner. He’s so handsome and yummy.

Kim

Yes and I’m sure I will get him.

Jeff

No no nooo… Find for yourself.

Kim

Mmmm… Okay fine. He’s all yours.

Michael

Shut up Jeff. He’s my ex.

(Kim laugh out loud)

What?

Jeff

Hahaha… You kidding?

Michael

Yes. Of course…Not…hahaha.

Kaycee

Hey guys can you please keep quiet? You’re so noisy!

Jeff

Kj speaks…

When they are about to sleep, the pregnant women cried and announced that she’s now going to give birth. Everyone in the plane got shocked, panic, and didn’t know what to do and from that moment, the plane was about to crash. It was out of control.

Kaycee

Oh no!  what’s happening?

Jeff

AAAaaa… come on my man save me!! Save me.

(Everyone were scared and fearful)

Kim

You’re so flirty! Can you please think first about yourself?

Michael

Oh yes! I want to die of yumminess…

The mother of the pregnant women made an action and act as the nurse to help her daughter give birth but Kaycee graduated as a professional nurse so they help each other. Kim carry the baby but he has no heart rate and so, the mother of the baby cried and cried. Jeff comfort her. 21 minutes later, the baby cried and all the attention was captured.

Grandmother

Oh goodness!! Thank you Lord for bringing him back. ( the baby is boy)

The four friends

Oh yes! Thank goodness…

The grandma feel so gifted when she saw that the baby smiled. After a few seconds, the plane back to normal and function well. They call the baby as miraculous one because he didn’t let the plane to crash.

Everyone

Thank goodness we’re saved.

Prepared by:

Divine R. Organista

Grade 12 Newton

Prepared for:

MR. NELSON G. VERSOZA

Teacher II

The Saddest Victory

(One-act play)

In faraway kingdom, there is a princess named Hannah. She is the only daughter of King James and Queen Maria. After 20 years, King James suffers from an illness where no one can cure even the smartest doctor in their kingdom.

King James:

Hannah my dear, I have only few days to leave. I need to transfer my position.

Hannah

(Crying)

Dad no, you’re not going to die. We will find medicine for that. You will be cured and live for a long time.

Queen Maria

Your father will die anytime and we didn’t know when that time come.

King James

(Hold Hannah’s hand)

Hannah you need to find your prince as early as possible so that before I die I can transfer my position as the king of our kingdom.

Hannah

Ye… Yes dad

(Group hug)

When the news has been spread all around the kingdom, there were two princes coming from different kingdoms go to the princess.

(Inside the kingdom)

Prince Alex

Oh!!! Hannah my princess, if you will choose me, I will give you everything. You will never cry and will never be hurt by somebody. I will protect you and ‘til my last breath I’ll say I love you.

 Prince George

(Laughing)

Hahaha… Oh! Hannah what a beautiful name by a beautiful princess (forwarded a flying kiss to the princess). If you will marry me I will give you more than what prince Alex can give (insulting Alex) and wait there is more, I will give you the treasure of our kingdom even the expensive jewelry.

Hannah

(Smiling)

I appreciate everything. You are both good and brave for me and that’s great. But I need to choose only one from among you and I have someone in my mind who really hook my attention and catch my heart.

(George and Alex stared each other but George still insulting Alex but Alex is just smiling to him).

King James

Thank you for coming to our kingdom. As you heard a while back my daughter have already chose among you and tomorrow morning come back for an important announcement.

Alex and George

Yes your majesty. (They bowed to show respect to the king and they went home).

Everyone are preparing. When the two princes arrived they started the announcement. (Food boquet).

King James

You know that in every game there is a winner and someone will lose. I hope that you will respect whatever the decision of my daughter. Is there clear.

George and Alex

Yes your majesty.

Hannah

Yesterday you’re here to court me and you offered everything you have to give me a comfortable life and thank you for that. But there is only one to be chosen by me and to be my king in my kingdom. I know that he has a good heart and he will love me ‘til the end. So today I am choosing you to be my king and my husband prince… Yes you are lucky prince Alex.

Prince Alex

Oh!!! Really? Is that true? Yes. (Hugged Hannah and kissed her). I love you Princess Hannah.

King and Queen

So, what are we waiting for, let’s start the celebration.

(Everyone are happy except George). George ran away from the kingdom. He called his soldier and instructed him to shoot Alex when he will remove his cap. When he return.

Hannah

Oh!!! Are you okay?

Prince George

Yes. (Congrats to both pf you).

 Prince Alex

Thank you George. I hope you’re okay!

Prince George

Yes of course… not but I am trying to move on.

King James

May I ask everyone to please stand. I have an important announcement. Today is one of the special event in our kingdom because finally my daughter will be marry soon to prince Alex. I know that you are aware about my condition. To be honest with you, I have only few days to live and anytime I will die.

(Everyone are emotional). Therefore, I need to relinquish my position, role, and obligation and transfer it to the deserving one. Alex, please take care to my daughter and to my kingdom.

Prince Alex

Yes your majesty. I will take care of your daughter and your kingdom. I will lead the kingdom in the best I can.

King James

Thank you Alex. At this moment you need to prepare yourself because i am now transferring my position to you. Congratulations. (He puts the crown to Alex head).

(All are clapping)

Prince George

Let’s cheers for Hannah and Alex. (Tossing glasses).

(George go to the Alex table)

Prince George

Can I join?

Prince Alex

(Stand)

Sure, sit down and let’s drink.

When he was about to sit he remove his cap. When the soldier saw that there is no hat in George’s head he shot Alex that causes him to die. Later, it was revealed that it’s all about George’ plan so they search for George and placed him to prison for a lifetime.

The End

Prepared by:

Walter C. Manzano Jr.

Grade 12 Newton

Prepared for:

MR. NELSON G. VERSOZA

Teacher II